3 курс «Технология транспортных процессов»

1. 
   What goods ...you... now?
   

2. 
   We ... this vessel last year.
   

3. 
   Our business partners ... the terms of contract the whole day yesterday.
   

4. 
   The Owner ... for all necessary stores next voyage.
   

5. 
   While the stevedores ... the packages the tallymen were keeping the tallies.
   

6. 
   If our prices ... competitive we .... a large order with you.
   

7. 
   ... you come to an agreement about the contract?
   

8. 
   When we ... for date of loading we ... the papers.
   

9. 
   As a rule, their company .... to pay all costs.
   

10. 
    We .... at the port tomorrow morning.
    

11. 
    Our Principal ... still ... in his office.
    

12. 
    ... you receive cargo in damaged packages?
    

13. 
    ... he use this computer program to improve his English?
    

14. 
    This vessel is at berth. She....
    

15. 
    Stevedoring gang … from 1 to 5 o’clock yesterday.
    

16. 
    If we … close links with their firm they will find a lot of new business partners.
    

1. 
   will have; b) has; c) have.
   

17. 
    Coasters … from one port to another along the coast of a country.
    

18. 
    When is your representative… ?
    

1. 
   leave; b) leaving; c) left.
   

19. 
    … he still … through business correspondence?
    

1. 
   is…look; b) are….looking; c) is…looking.
   

20. 
    If we ….to ship these goods by this vessel we will inform you at once.
    

1. 
   will decide; b) decide; c) will be deciding.
   

21. 
    If you … all details we will conclude an agreement tomorrow.
    

1. 
   discuss; b) will discuss; c) will be discuss.
   

22. 
    As soon as you … a telegram we will inform our partners about this.
    

23. 
    He…… help his friend. They have known each other for a number of years.
    

2. 
   must; b) is to; c) have to.
   

24. 
    You ….to inspect the holds before loading.
    

2. 
   must; b) were; c) can.
   

25. 
    He …… a dictionary before he entered the institute.
    

2. 
   had bought; b) bought; c) was buying.
   

The main purpose of shipping is the carriage of cargo (liquid, solid) from the place that it was mined, grown or manufactured to the place that it is required. Normally the owner of the cargo does not own transport and therefore he needs to enlist the services of a company that would be willing to carry the cargo for him.

A carrier is one who agrees to carry, on a business basis, goods or persons from one place to another. The law recognizes two kinds of carrier: common carriers; and private carriers.

The commercial aspects of ship operations cover the entire business side of ship acquisition and management. Both the visible and hidden areas are involved, from marketing, where options will have to be identified and evaluated, to financing and purchasing the ship, through to obtaining, safe care and delivery of a cargo, taking account of the constraints imposed by Flag and Port States, insurers and classification and other relevant organizations.